The monastery area of the camp consisted of three former Italian Army stables, which contained about 700 boys between the ages of 10 and 15 years. Jastrebarsko concentration camp. (de) Le camp de concentration de Jastrebarsko était un camp de concentration dirigé par les oustachis pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale en Croatie. Pulherija died in Austria in 1981. [10][16] At the head of the camp administration was a nun, Sister Barta Pulherija,[19][13] a member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul order,[20] and Sister Gaudencija was the manager of the camp estate. [37] When the children died, they were placed into empty sugar crates which were stacked along the fence of the camp awaiting disposal. [12], The NDH government struck upon the idea of trying to re-educate the children to become something akin to an Ustaše version of the Hitler Youth, thereby turning them against their Serb parents. Concentration camps similar to or like Jastrebarsko children's camp. Jastrebarsko, [Croatia; Zagreb] Yugoslavia. On August 26, 1942, the partisans freed 700 children from the camp. Some Catholic clergy, especially younger members, were intolerant towards Serbs and the Serbian Orthodox Church for a range of reasons,[7] with some Catholic clergy participating in forced conversions of Orthodox Serbs to Catholicism in accordance with Ustaše policy. [28], Another survivor, Radomir Krnjajić, recalled that they were fed a variety of foods, including pumpkin soup, cucumbers, beets and similar vegetables, and sometimes received a little macaroni or beans, but very little bread. Those children who failed to do so were punished by the Ustaše guards with beatings or solitary confinement. The Ustasha’s newspapers announced to the public, on August 23, 1941, that the first barracks for prisoners had been built near the villages of Brocice and Krapje, and that the camps would be used for the draining of Lonjsko po1je. During its operation 1018 children died in the camp. Jastrebarsko concentration camp held Serb children who had been brought there from various areas of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) during World War II. Brössler was horrified, and with the support of representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross, began to place pressure on the NDH government to release the children. According to Lukić, a total of 727 children were liberated from the camp, but at the first rest stop at Svetojanska, medical examinations by Davila identified about 400 weak and sick children who could no longer walk, and they were returned to Jastrebarsko. Many had swollen bellies due to malnourishment, thin pale faces, and teeth falling out. Slika Soko J-21 Jastreb 3D Model $15 - .c4d - Free3D. Those children who had not been killed in the massacres and counter-insurgency operations were rounded up, as their villages had in most cases been burned to the ground, and they had no means of support. Photo Archives. Photo Archives. [42], The Partisan attack on the camp and their liberation of a significant number of children brought the Ustaše to the realisation that this and similar camps for children could not be maintained. [33] Pulherija railed against all this but was unable to stop it. Children were placed in the abandoned barracks of the Italian Army, in the castle of Count Erdedija and in a Franciscan monastery near Jastrebarsko. In late October 1942, 500 of the remaining children were dispersed to families in the surrounding villages by the Catholic aid group, Caritas. [36] A survivor interviewed in 2010 quoted Ilovar as saying that he buried 1,018 children from the camp. 123. [5] Catholic nuns of the Holy Congregation were the guards in the camp. [6], The Catholic Church had a complex relationship with the NDH government, particularly due to the close relationship between Catholicism, Croatian nationalism, and historical Croatian polities. Local time in Volavje is now 11:35 PM (Tuesday) . Many children were also suffering from scurvy due to the poor diet. He cites documentary evidence provided by the local gravedigger Franjo Ilovar, whose notes indicate a much higher mortality among the children. Just better. He stated that the Ustaše tried to convert the children to Catholicism. Quite the same Wikipedia. [29] Gojko Knežević, another camp survivor, recounted many years later that the nuns beat the children with birch branches dipped in salt water or vinegar. The local timezone is named " Europe/Zagreb " with a UTC offset of 1 hours. A group of barefoot, emaciated children stand outside in a row at the Jastrebarsko concentration camp… About 1,300 prisoners were transported to Jasenovac. BARRACKS; BENCHES; CHILDREN (4-12 YEARS); CHILDREN/YOUTH; CONCENTRATION CAMPS; GORNJA RIJEKA ... LABOR CAMPS/MINOR CAMPS-- Yugoslavia -- Gornja Rijeka. Jastrebarsko concentration camp held Serb children who had been brought there from various areas of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) during World War II. camp memorials jasenovac concentration camp faq's news contact info SISAK CAMP After the Kozara offensive, an assembly camp was founded in Sisak in August 1942, for the elderly, women and children, officially named the “Refugee Transit Camp”. Many Croats, he stated, took in and even adopted children from Jastrebarsko and treated them kindly. This page is based on the Wikipedia article. Depending on your mobility, these larger destinations might be interesting for you: Budapest, Bratislava, Trieste, Rome, and Zdenci Brdovecki.While being here, you … Some were killed and others were returned to the camp. It was attended by only 40 people, mainly members of the Union of Anti-Fascist Fighters and Anti-Fascists of the Republic of Croatia. [1][3] In particular, the Ustaše regime expelled large numbers of Serbs from the NDH,[4] and was involved in widespread mass murder,[5] resulting in Ramet's conclusion that it was genocidal in both intent and in practical terms. The Jastrebarsko camp was then dismantled,[16][39] although the castle continued to house about 300 sick children, many of whom remained there until the war ended. Group portrait of naked, emaciated children in the Jastrebarsko concentration camp for children. Between 449 and 1,500 children died, mainly from disease and malnutrition. [1] It was open for two months in 1942. Children sit on benches outside a barracks in the Gornja Rijeka concentration camp. Jastrebarsko - concentration camp for children. The Jastrebarsko camp existed from July 12, 1942 until November of 1942. [19], No preparations had been made for the arrival of the initial transport, accommodation had not been set aside and no food had been prepared. Circa 1942 - 1945. Photo Archives. Filter your search. Ilovar listed a total of 768 burials of children at the Jastrebarsko cemetery, but Lukić points out that Ilovar was not the only gravedigger burying children, and further reports that Ilovar himself believed that the figure on the monument was too low. [39][13], According to Fumić, the weaker and ill children were lodged with compassionate local peasants, but 350 of the strongest children were taken away by the fighters. Date. Children sit on benches outside a barracks in the Gornja Rijeka concentration camp. The Yugoslav Partisans liberated about 350 children from the main camp in August 1942. This location was chosen due to its close proximity to Zagreb, which reduced exposure to Partisan influence and made defence easier. [12][13] Their parents and older siblings had often been killed or sent to labour camps both within the NDH and elsewhere in Axis-occupied Europe. Malnutrition and dysentery seriously impaired the children's health. That's it. In April 1941, the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia overran the country. Jan 12, 2021 - Explore Kathy's board "concentration/death camps" on Pinterest. The regime saw this as a more effective way of placing pressure on the Partisan movement than killing the children outright. [23] Some of the nuns at the camp, however, did demonstrate affection and pay attention to the children. Stalag 20A Details; Stalag 20B Details; Stalag’s Luft & Misc. The children, aged between 3 and 16, were housed in abandoned stables, ridden with filth and pests. [43] According to Fumić, the inhumane actions of Pulherija and other nuns and their role in the deaths of many children has never been addressed, much less condemned, by the Catholic Church. [22] The helpers lived in the camp and at the sub-camp with the children. The government of this Italo-German quasi-protectorate immediately implemented a "savage policy aimed at fashioning a largely homogeneous state out of a heterogeneous population". [2] Locale. In early July 1942, 16 Red Cross nurses were sent from Zagreb to the Stara Gradiška concentration camp to collect 650 children and bring them to Jastrebarsko. While the invasion was still underway, the Germans orchestrated the proclamation of the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) by the fascist and Croat-chauvinist Ustaše party. [19][23][a], Lukić states that this figure, and the figure of 468 victims which is engraved on the monument to the victims of the camp in Jastrebarsko, are unreliable. It was under the control of the Congregation of Sisters of St. Vinko Paulski. Almost all were suffering from severe diarrhea, and most had multiple diseases. The merchant Ehrman bought the castle in 1922 and after his bankruptcy in 1936 the castle was turned into an orphanage. It was established by the Ustaše-led government, and was located in the town of Jastrebarsko, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) southwest of the NDH capital, Zagreb, operating from 12 … In fact, that was the founding of the Jasenovac camp, or more precisely, Camp II called Brocice – >>Versajev<< and Camp 11 called >>Krapje<<, to whic… Variant Locale. Source: Memorijalni muzej Jasenovac. [44], On 26 August 2010, the 68th anniversary of the partial liberation of the camp by the Partisans, children who died at the camp were commemorated in a ceremony at a monument in the Jastrebarsko cemetery. (Redirected from Talk:Jastrebarsko concentration camp) This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Jastrebarsko children's camp article. The Jastrebarsko children's camp held Serb children who had been brought there from various areas of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH), during World War II. [27] Another survivor, Mihajlo Veljić, recalled that the barracks were fenced with barbed wire, and that they slept on the straw-covered floor. During decontamination procedures in Zagreb another 30 children died. [36], The local Partisans had been advised of the presence of the camp and the children, probably by Branko Davila, a doctor who had worked at the pre-existing children's home on the camp site. Avant d'être reconnu comme camp de concentration, Jastrebarsko, dès 1939 est un lieu d'internement, sous autorité allemande. Five naked, emaciated children pose outside with their backs to the camera at the Jastrebarsko concentration camp. The photos you provided may be used to improve Bing image processing services. Depending on your mobility, these larger destinations might be interesting for you: Budapest, Bratislava, Trieste, Rome, and Zorkovac ma Kupi.While being here, you might want to … No journalists, locals, politicians or officials attended the memorial, aside from the local deputy mayor, Aleksandar Stanić, who said that the locals "have nothing to do with what happened in the camps". Jastrebarsko children's camp. slika. 122. The final group arrived at the Donja Reka site from the village of Gornja Rijeka on 14 August with 150 children, all boys. [4] The last owner of the castle was Stjepan Erdoedy. The children heard shooting and began shouting that the Partisans had arrived. LABOR CAMPS/MINOR CAMPS-- Yugoslavia -- Jastrebarsko. Although she was sentenced to death by the Partisans after the liberation of Zagreb and her year of death is listed as 1945, there exists no firm proof or reliable source that confirms she was actually executed. Jastrebarsko concentration camp. Food was extremely poor, and disease and death were common among the up to 2,000 children kept there. Conditions at this sub-camp were even worse than at the main camp, with no electricity, running water or sanitary facilities. Photo Designation. Jastrebarsko concentration camp was a concentration camp that housed Serbian children between the ages of one month to fourteen years during World War II, located in Jastrebarsko, Croatia. Jastrebarsko Concentration Camp was a concentration camp that housed Serbian children between the ages of one month to fourteen years during World War II, located in Jastrebarsko, Croatia. [18] Preparations for the reception of the children were completed hastily by the Croatian Red Cross and local peasants. [11] Children had also been taken during anti-Partisan operations conducted by German, NDH and other collaborationist forces between April 1941 and June 1942, such as the Kozara Offensive. The remaining 566 children made it to Jastrebarsko alive, and the camp opened on 12 July 1942. [15], The parlous state of the children's health is apparent when at one point, 400 were suffering from dysentery, 300 had measles, 200 had typhoid, 200 had diphtheria and another 100 had mumps. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. See more ideas about death camp, holocaust, concentration camps. She remarked that this was the only time such things occurred during her time in the Ustaše camps. LABOR CAMPS / MINOR CAMPS -- Yugoslavia -- Jastrebarsko …. [25], Upon arrival, the children were exhausted and virtually naked. Historique. Another 37 very ill children were placed in a Zagreb hospital, but they also died soon after. [22] Upon arrival, the children were clothed in the black uniform of the Ustaše with caps bearing the Ustaše symbol. slika. The journey of 135 kilometres (84 mi) from Stara Gradiška to Zagreb took 24 hours, during which 17 children died. He personally feared a nun, Sister Mercedes, but all the children feared Pulherija. Children arrived in an emaciated and weak condition from other camps within the Ustaše camp system, with a total of 3,336 children passing through the camp. The camp was established by the Ust... was the largest extermination camp in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. Pulherija fled to Austria before the end of the war, the only nun working at the camp to do so. [40], During the march through vineyards and cornfields, the emaciated children ate as much as they could. [24] In total, 3,136 children arrived at the camp up to 14 August. [3], The camp was situated in a castle that belonged to Hungarian noble family Erdoedy until 1922, and in a former monastery near the town. It was situated in an old brick factory, and barracks and stables previously used by the Italian Army. The camp was located in the town of Jastrebarsko, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) southwest of the NDH capital, Zagreb, and operated from 12 July until October 1942. Camp Locations. [15] Their appearance was skeletal, especially those transported from Stara Gradiška. Slika Jastreb - Wikipedija, Prosta Enciklopedija Despite attempts by the nuns to hide the children, Partisan troops broke into the buildings and rescued many children. Slika Soko J 21 Jastreb - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia. Of the remaining children, 113 were relocated to Bosanska Gradiška. Those accommodated in the barracks had no electricity or running water, and food initially consisted of little more than cornflour. [38] At dawn on 26 August 1942, the Partisan 4th Kordun Brigade attacked the camp and dispersed the Ustaše guards. During its operation 1,018 children died in the camp. [10], The decision to establish the Jastrebarsko children's camp was taken due to the large numbers of Serb children who had been rounded up during anti-Serb massacres conducted by NDH forces since April 1941. The first two camps, Krapje and Bročica, were closed in November 1941. The Jastrebarsko children's camp held Serb children who had been brought there from various areas of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH), during World War II. Budisavljević also used her contacts with the German Army to intervene with the Ustaše regime on behalf of the children. The local timezone is named " Europe/Zagreb " with a UTC offset of 1 hours. He stressed that in the camp … The Ustaše propaganda soon took advantage of the improved condition of the children. [26] Only Serb children were kept in the camp, and they came from all over the NDH. [21] Pulherija was the sister-in-law of Mile Budak, a senior Ustaše ideologist and high-ranking NDH official. JASTREBARSKO CAMP. 2. On arrival in Zagreb, she said they were taken to the Croatian Red Cross building where they were washed, had their hair cut, and were allowed to eat as much as they could. Approximately 30km southwest of Zagreb, alongside the Karlovac-Zagreb highway, lies the town of Jastrebarsko - site of one of the former Ustaša concentration camps specifically for children. During World War II, the Croatian Ustasha government, being an ally of Nazi Germany, implemented the same methods of genocide. More importantly, from the end of July, twenty-six volunteer nurses from the teachers' school at Rude near Samobor, along with several doctors and other medical personnel, under the leadership of Marinić, began to intervene with the camp administration and Ustaše guards to improve the health of the children. [39] According to one survivor, Mihajlo Veljić, some of the children who were liberated from the camp by the Partisans in August 1942 were placed with families in the Žumberak district and were subsequently re-captured by the Ustaše. (fr) [15], The camp was established in the town of Jastrebarsko, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) southwest of the NDH capital, Zagreb. slika. Information about the plight of these children was passed to concerned citizens in the NDH capital, Zagreb, one of whom was Diana Budisavljević, an Austrian. [23], The former castle comprised the camp "hospital" and accommodated about 300 children. They had never accepted the Ustaše regime or its policies. [22] According to the historian Dragoje Lukić, a total of 3,336 children passed through the camp during its existence, aged between one and fourteen years old. Some children died after the effort of simply getting up. Le camp de concentration de Jastrebarsko était un camp de concentration dirigé par les oustachis pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale en Croatie [1]. Later, children were brought from the camp farms in Jablanac and Mlaka. A news report in 2010 stated that 1,500 children died in the camp. The camp was set up specifically for children from Kozara and from Croatia. [31], In response to the parlous conditions and poor state of the children's health, the Croatian Red Cross and some locals from Jastrebarsko and Donja Reka,[15] led by Tatjana Marinić [sh], a local teacher, Communist and social worker,[32] collected food and distributed it among the children, decorated the walls, and treated their illnesses. [20][13], A second group of 770 children from Stara Gradiška followed on 13–14 July, while a third, consisting of another 850 children, were transported from the concentration camps at Mlaka and Jablanac near Jasenovac at the end of the month. Gaudencija remained at the Children's Home, eventually moving to Ljubljana. However, in June 1942, they again withdrew most of their troops from this area, concentrating only on securing large population centres and railroads. [30], Location of Jastrebarsko in the Independent State of Croatia, Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul. [22], According to a survivor, Nada Požega from Slavonia, the children were forced to go to church to pray, and were required to greet others with the Ustaše greeting Spremni (Ready) or the Nazi salute Heil Hitler. In October 1942, about 500 of the surviving children were dispersed among local families by the Catholic aid group, Caritas; in total, 1,637 boys and girls were taken in by families in Jastrebarsko, Zagreb and surrounding villages, and another 113 were relocated to Gradiška. On August 26th, 1942, the partisans freed 700 children from the camp.. References [8], Under the Treaties of Rome of 18 May 1941, Italian occupation troops had withdrawn south of the so-called "Vienna Line" which divided the NDH into Italian and German spheres of influence. The staff otherwise consisted of members of the Ustaše Youth and female Ustaše. The first transports of children from Stara Gradiška Camp arrived in the abandoned barracks of the Italian militia, the former manor house of Count Erdödy, and the Franciscan monastery near Jastrebarsko, in mid-July 1942. The healthier and stronger children were housed in the barracks, weaker and sick children were accommodated in the castle, and the very weak and those suffering from typhus were lodged in the monastery. It took some time for the helpers to earn the trust of the children due to the latter's harsh treatment at the hands of the Ustaše, but gradually their health began to improve. [22], A sub-camp was established on 31 July at Donja Reka, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of Jastrebarsko, under the same administration as the main camp. Budisavljević approached an Ustaše-appointed member of the board of the Croatian Red Cross, Kamilo Brössler, and told him about the children at Stara Gradiška. 151 _ _ ‡a Koncentracijski logor Jastrebarsko 4xx's: Alternate Name Forms (10) 451 _ _ ‡a Camp de concentration de Jastrebarsko The buildings earmarked to accommodate the children were: the castle Dvorac Erdödy, the nearby Franciscan monastery, and the former Italian barracks and stables. Požega further stated the nuns did not treat the children with sympathy or care. [9] Included in this withdrawal were Italian troops that had been garrisoned in the Jastrebarsko area. Jastrebarsko concentration camp was a concentration camp that housed Serbian children between the ages of one month to fourteen years during World War II, located in Jastrebarsko, Croatia.1 It was open for two months in 1942. The Linked Data Service provides access to commonly found standards and vocabularies promulgated by the Library of Congress. Photograph | Photograph Number: 46562. Only Serbian children were kept in the concentration camp. You could also do it yourself at any point in time. The Ustashas found us there and took me to the children’s concentration camp Jastrebarsko, where there were about 3,500 children from Kozara, Kordun, Banija, Lika and Slavonia, whose parents were killed,” Mraović said. Another 250 girls were housed in the nearby former Italian barracks. 1 hours even worse than at the camp some children died in hospital in Zagreb, for total! Proximity to Zagreb took 24 hours, during which 17 children died Details ; Stalag 20B Details Stalag! 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