China also accounts for 99% of sales of electric trucks, buses, motorcycles and scooters. 0000013710 00000 n 0000029582 00000 n 0000011960 00000 n 157 0 obj <> endobj xref 157 44 0000000016 00000 n It is important that these are put in place as soon as possible, not least given the number of battery plants projected in Europe and their metal needs. There are many reasons why one might consider making the switch to an EV – electric cars are higher efficiency than gas-powered cars, can reduce your dependence on fossil fuels and require less maintenance than most cars, to name three popular reasons. – The number of electric cars is expected to increase rapidly in the years to come. This means that if we are to reduce climate impact, battery production must be energy efficient and utilize as little fossil electricity as possible, says Lisbeth Dahllöf, researcher at IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute. All Rights Reserved. In contrast there is little large-scale recycling of lithium due to high recycling costs, relatively low raw material prices and low volumes of collected batteries.– Optimal large-scale metal recycling technologies are not yet readily available. Finally, we discuss the primary drivers of battery manufacturing emissions and how these emissions could be further mitigated in the future.Keep up with our research by signing up for our newsletter.Copyright © 2020 International Council on Clean Transportation. We have also taken into account the possibility of using electricity that is virtually fossil-free in several of the production stages, says Erik Emilsson, researcher at IVL.– In both the previous and the current report, we have focused on the latest and most transparent data. 0000015123 00000 n The first all-electric car to be powered by lithium-ion batteries, the Tesla Roadster, made its market debut in 2008. In New Zealand, where more than 80% of electricity is renewable, the carbon footprint of electric cars is 62% lower than that of fossil cars. Current figures for climate emissions are lower than they were in the 2017 report where the average was 150-200 kilos of carbon dioxide equivalents per kWh of battery capacity.– That emissions are lower now is mainly due to the fact that battery factories have been scaled up and are running at full capacity, which makes them more efficient per unit produced. 0000017184 00000 n 0000002563 00000 n 0000003806 00000 n Environmental impacts. 0000010102 00000 n Over the last decade, there’s been an increase in the purchasing of electric vehicles (EV). Recent studies have investigated the greenhouse gas emissions from battery production, finding a wide range of results

China is the world’s largest electric car market, accounting for 1.2 million - 56% of all electric vehicles sold in 2018. and battery electric share of the U.S. passenger vehicle market in 2018 was 2.1%.6 This report discusses and synthesizes analyses of the environmental effects of BEVs as compared to the internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV)7 and is part of a suite of CRS products on electric vehicles and related technology (see text box below). Mr Zhang lives near a large mine in northern China that extracts a key ingredient for batteries: natural graphite. This briefing reviews recent research regarding greenhouse gas emissions from the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. What's more, early studies of lithium-ion EV battery production are far from encouraging: Researchers are finding that battery production for electric cars … 0000014692 00000 n trailer <